Arum Lillie's Propagation Technique

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Propagation Technique for Zantedeshia aethiopica


For most bulbous crops there are a few propagation techniques that have been developed over the years and choosing the type of technique is very important.

For the Arum lily (‘Zantedeshia aethiopica’) there are but two different ways of propagating the bulbs, scaling and micro propagation. Because the speed of the scaling method is often low, introduction of newly bred cultivars or of pathogen free bulbs requires a long period of time. Micropropagation considerably shortens this period. Furthermore, because of the large number of propagation cycles in the field, conventionally produced bulbs may become easily infected. Micropropagation produces starting material that is completely pathogen free.


When Micropropagation is used, bulblets is produced instead of microcuttings (with scaling technique). This is important due to the fact that bulblets mostly do not require a rooting treatment and acclimation. But they do require breaking of dormancy.

Micropropagation consists of six stages:
  1. Mother plant preparation: Storage of bulbs may determine the ability to regenerate. To avoid contamination, healthy undamaged bulbs are used. 
  2. Initiation: Explants are derived from scales or flower stems. From these explants, adventitious shoots/bulblets regenerate in-vitro. Apical and axillary buds may also be used and may be the preferable explant, since they give better results in virus elimination and also have better propagation rates.
  3. Propagation: Both shoots and bulblets can be used for further adventisious or axillary propagation.
  4. Bulb growth: In the final propagation cycle, bulblets should be produced. They are firm structures and can be handled easily. Conditions stimulationg bulb growth include high sucrose concentration, absence or very low concentration of growth regulators, darkness, charcoal and moderate temperatures.
  5. Dormancy breaking: For fast uniform sprouting and for optimal growth, bulblets need a temperature treatment to break dormancy. This requires either several weeks at low temperatures (2°-9°C)
  6. Planting: For planting usually the same steamed potting composts can be used as for conventionally propagated bulbs. During the first year, growth should be done in a greenhouse with regulated temperatures, humidity and also Carbon dioxide. 

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